通过bash中的变量将标志传递给命令 [英] Passing flags to command via variables in bash

问题描述

我有一个复杂的脚本，该脚本从文件中获取变量，并使用它们来运行程序(特别是葡萄酒")

I have a complex script that takes variables from files and uses them to run programs (Wine specifically)

从另一个文件中的变量传递选项无法按预期进行:

Passing options from the variables in the other file isn't working as expected:

#!/bin/bash
. settingsfile
wine $run

在另一个文件中:

run="run.exe -withoption \"This text\""

当我将wine $run更改为echo wine $run时，它将回显一个字符串，该字符串在明确运行时可以正常工作:

When I change wine $run to echo wine $run, it echos a string, which when run explicitly works fine:

#!/bin/bash
. settingsfile
wine run.exe -withoption "This text"

使用#!/bin/bash -x运行会显示:

+ wine run.exe -withoption '"This' 'text"'

我该如何解决?

推荐答案

问题是"This和text"被视为单独的参数，每个参数都包含双引号，而不是单个参数This text .如果编写一个函数以每行打印一个参数，您会看到这一点.这个:

The problem is that "This and text" are treated as separate arguments, each containing a double-quote, rather than as a single argument This text. You can see this if you write a function to print out one argument per line; this:

function echo_on_separate_lines ()
{
  local arg
  for arg in "$@" ; do
    echo "<< $arg >>"
  done
}
run="run.exe -withoption \"This text\""
echo_on_separate_lines $run

打印此:

<< run.exe >>
<< -withoption >>
<< "This >>
<< text" >>

而不是这个:

<< run.exe >>
<< -withoption >>
<< This text >>

最简单的解决方案是使用eval重新处理报价:

The simplest solution is to tack on an eval to re-process the quoting:

run="run.exe -withoption \"This text\""
wine $run     # or better yet:   wine "$run"

但是更可靠的解决方案是将run设为数组，然后可以将其称为"${run[@]}":

But a more robust solution is to have run be an array, and then you can refer to it as "${run[@]}":

run=(run.exe -withoption "This text")
wine "${run[@]}"

以便从一开始就正确处理报价.

so that the quoting is handled properly from the get-go.

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