我如何绘制线性回归 [英] How I plot the linear regression
问题描述
我正在尝试使用计算的线性回归绘制图,但出现错误"ValueError:x和y必须具有相同的第一维". 这是一个包含3个样本(x1,x2,x3)的多变量(2个变量)线性回归.
I am trying to plot a graph with the calculated linear regression, but I get the error "ValueError: x and y must have same first dimension". This is a multivariate (2 variables) linear regression with 3 samples (x1,x2,x3).
1-首先,我正在正确计算线性回归吗?
1 - First, I am calculating the linear regression correctly?
2-我知道错误来自绘图线.我只是不明白为什么会出现此错误.放置在图中正确的尺寸是什么?
2 - I know that the error comes from the plot lines. I just don't understand why I get this error. What is the right dimensions to put in the plot?
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x1 = np.array([3,2])
x2 = np.array([1,1.5])
x3 = np.array([6,5])
y = np.random.random(3)
A = [x1,x2,x3]
m,c = np.linalg.lstsq(A,y)[0]
plt.plot(A, y, 'o', label='Original data', markersize=10)
plt.plot(A, m*A + c, 'r', label='Fitted line')
plt.legend()
plt.show()
$ python testNumpy.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "testNumpy.py", line 22, in <module>
plt.plot(A, m*A + c, 'r', label='Fitted line')
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/pyplot.py", line 2987, in plot
ret = ax.plot(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/axes.py", line 4137, in plot
for line in self._get_lines(*args, **kwargs):
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/axes.py", line 317, in _grab_next_args
for seg in self._plot_args(remaining, kwargs):
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/axes.py", line 295, in _plot_args
x, y = self._xy_from_xy(x, y)
File "/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7/matplotlib/axes.py", line 237, in _xy_from_xy
raise ValueError("x and y must have same first dimension")
ValueError: x and y must have same first dimension
推荐答案
这里的问题是,您正在创建列表A
,而不是数组. m*A
没有按照您的期望做.
The problem here is that you're creating a list A
where you want an array instead. m*A
is not doing what you expect.
此:
A = np.array([x1, x2, x3])
将消除错误.
NB:将列表 A 和整数 m 相乘会为您提供一个包含原始内容的新列表重复 m 次.例如
NB: multiplying a list A and an integer m gives you a new list with the original content repeated m times. Eg.
>>> [1, 2] * 4
[1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2]
现在,作为浮点数的 m 应该加一个TypeError
(因为您只能将列表乘以整数)...但是m
却是一个numpy.float64
,并且当您将它乘以某个意外的东西(或知道的列表)时,NumPy会将其强制为整数.
Now, m being a floating point number should have raised a TypeError
(because you can only multiply lists by integers)... but m
turns out to be a numpy.float64
, and it seems like when you multiply it to some unexpected thing (or a list, who knows), NumPy coerces it to an integer.
这篇关于我如何绘制线性回归的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持IT屋!