无法将简单的无符号字节rgb纹理映射到四边形: [英] Failing to map a simple unsigned byte rgb texture to a quad:
问题描述
我有一个非常简单的程序，可以将虚拟红色纹理映射到四边形.
I have a very simple program that maps a dummy red texture to a quad.
这是C ++中的纹理定义:
Here is the texture definition in C++:
struct DummyRGB8Texture2d
{
uint8_t data[3*4];
int width;
int height;
};
DummyRGB8Texture2d myTexture
{
{
255,0,0,
255,0,0,
255,0,0,
255,0,0
},
2u,
2u
};
这是我设置纹理的方式:
This is how I setup the texture:
void SetupTexture()
{
// allocate a texture on the default texture unit (GL_TEXTURE0):
GL_CHECK(glCreateTextures(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 1, &m_texture));
// allocate texture:
GL_CHECK(glTextureStorage2D(m_texture, 1, GL_RGB8, myTexture.width, myTexture.height));
GL_CHECK(glTextureParameteri(m_texture, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT));
GL_CHECK(glTextureParameteri(m_texture, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT));
GL_CHECK(glTextureParameteri(m_texture, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST));
GL_CHECK(glTextureParameteri(m_texture, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST));
// tell the shader that the sampler2d uniform uses the default texture unit (GL_TEXTURE0)
GL_CHECK(glProgramUniform1i(m_program->Id(), /* location in shader */ 3, /* texture unit index */ 0));
// bind the created texture to the specified target. this is necessary even in dsa
GL_CHECK(glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_texture));
GL_CHECK(glGenerateMipmap(GL_TEXTURE_2D));
}
这就是我将纹理绘制到四边形的方法:
This is how I draw the texture to the quad:
void Draw()
{
m_target->ClearTargetBuffers();
m_program->MakeCurrent();
// load the texture to the GPU:
GL_CHECK(glTextureSubImage2D(m_texture, 0, 0, 0, myTexture.width, myTexture.height,
GL_RGB, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, myTexture.data));
GL_CHECK(glBindVertexArray(m_vao));
GL_CHECK(glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, static_cast<GLsizei>(VideoQuadElementArray.size()), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0));
m_target->SwapTargetBuffers();
}
结果:
我不知道为什么该纹理不会显示为红色.另外，如果我将纹理内部格式更改为RGB A /RGB A 8，并且纹理数据数组在每行中都有另一个元素，那么我会得到漂亮的红色纹理.
I can't figure out why this texture won't appear Red. Also, if I change the texture internal format to RGBA / RGBA8 and the texture data array to have another element in each row, I get a nice red texture.
如果相关，这里是我的顶点属性和我的(非常简单的)着色器:
In case its relevant, here are my vertex attributes and my (very simple) shaders:
struct VideoQuadVertex
{
glm::vec3 vertex;
glm::vec2 uv;
};
std::array<VideoQuadVertex, 4> VideoQuadInterleavedArray
{
/* vec3 */ VideoQuadVertex{ glm::vec3{ -0.25f, -0.25f, 0.5f }, /* vec2 */ glm::vec2{ 0.0f, 0.0f } },
/* vec3 */ VideoQuadVertex{ glm::vec3{ 0.25f, -0.25f, 0.5f }, /* vec2 */ glm::vec2{ 1.0f, 0.0f } },
/* vec3 */ VideoQuadVertex{ glm::vec3{ 0.25f, 0.25f, 0.5f }, /* vec2 */ glm::vec2{ 1.0f, 1.0f } },
/* vec3 */ VideoQuadVertex{ glm::vec3{ -0.25f, 0.25f, 0.5f }, /* vec2 */ glm::vec2{ 0.0f, 1.0f } }
};
顶点设置:
void SetupVertexData()
{
// create a VAO to hold all node rendering states, no need for binding:
GL_CHECK(glCreateVertexArrays(1, &m_vao));
// create vertex buffer objects for data and indices and initialize them:
GL_CHECK(glCreateBuffers(static_cast<GLsizei>(m_vbo.size()), m_vbo.data()));
// allocate memory for interleaved vertex attributes and transfer them to the GPU:
GL_CHECK(glNamedBufferData(m_vbo[EVbo::Data], VideoQuadInterleavedArray.size() * sizeof(VideoQuadVertex), VideoQuadInterle
GL_CHECK(glVertexArrayAttribBinding(m_vao, 0, 0));
GL_CHECK(glVertexArrayVertexBuffer(m_vao, 0, m_vbo[EVbo::Data], 0, sizeof(VideoQuadVertex)));
// setup the indices array:
GL_CHECK(glNamedBufferData(m_vbo[EVbo::Element], VideoQuadElementArray.size() * sizeof(GLuint), VideoQuadElementArray.data
GL_CHECK(glVertexArrayElementBuffer(m_vao, m_vbo[EVbo::Element]));
// enable the relevant attributes for this VAO and
// specify their format and binding point:
// vertices:
GL_CHECK(glEnableVertexArrayAttrib(m_vao, 0 /* location in shader*/));
GL_CHECK(glVertexArrayAttribFormat(
m_vao,
0, // attribute location
3, // number of components in each data member
GL_FLOAT, // type of each component
GL_FALSE, // should normalize
offsetof(VideoQuadVertex, vertex) // offset from the begining of the buffer
));
// uvs:
GL_CHECK(glEnableVertexArrayAttrib(m_vao, 1 /* location in shader*/));
GL_CHECK(glVertexAttribFormat(
1, // attribute location
2, // number of components in each data member
GL_FLOAT, // type of each component
GL_FALSE, // should normalize
offsetof(VideoQuadVertex, uv) // offset from the begining of the buffer
));
GL_CHECK(glVertexArrayAttribBinding(m_vao, 1, 0));
}
顶点着色器:
layout(location = 0) in vec3 position;
layout(location = 1) in vec2 texture_coordinate;
out FragmentData
{
vec2 uv;
} toFragment;
void main(void)
{
toFragment.uv = texture_coordinate;
gl_Position = vec4 (position, 1.0f);
}
片段着色器:
in FragmentData
{
vec2 uv;
} data;
out vec4 color;
layout (location = 3) uniform sampler2D tex_object;
void main()
{
color = texture(tex_object, data.uv);
}
推荐答案
GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT指定内存中每个像素行开头的对齐要求.默认情况下，GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT设置为4.
这意味着纹理的每一行应该具有4 * N字节的长度.
GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT specifies the alignment requirements for the start of each pixel row in memory. By default GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT is set to 4.
This means each row of the texture is supposed to have a length of 4*N bytes.
您使用以下数据指定2 * 2纹理:255、0、0、255、0、0、255、0、0、255、0、0
You specify a 2*2 texture with the data: 255, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0
GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT设置为4时，解释为
column 1 column 2 alignment
row 1: 255, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0, 255, 0,
row 2: 0, 255, 0, 0, undef, undef
因此纹理被读取为
column 1 olumn 2
row 1: red, red,
row 2: green, RGB(0, ?, ?)
您必须在glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1); >，以读取紧密包装的纹理.
You have to set glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1); before glTextureSubImage2D, for reading a tight packed texture.
如果您不想更改GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT(对齐方式保持设置为4)，则必须调整数据，如下所示:
If you don't want to change GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT (the alignment stays set to 4), the you have to adapt the data like this:
struct DummyRGB8Texture2d
{
uint8_t data[8*2];
int width;
int height;
};
DummyRGB8Texture2d myTexture
{
{
255, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0, // row 1
0, 0, // 2 bytes alignment
255, 0, 0, 255, 0, 0, // row 2
0, 0 // 2 bytes alignment
},
2u,
2u
};
进一步了解:
See further:
- Stackoverflow问题 glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT，1)不利吗?
- Stackoverflow问题 OpenGL GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT
- Khronos OpenGL 常见错误-纹理上传和像素读取
- Stackoverflow question glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1) Disadvantages?
- Stackoverflow question OpenGL GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT
- Khronos OpenGL Common Mistakes - Texture upload and pixel reads
这篇关于无法将简单的无符号字节rgb纹理映射到四边形:的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
