如何在R中将文本写入绘图热图? [英] How to write a text into plotly heat map in r?

问题描述

你好，我用plotly制作了一个热图.代码是:

Hello I make a heat map with plotly. The code is:

     plot_ly(z = ~df$MonetaryClass, 
        x = ~df$RecencyClass, 
        y = ~df$FrequencyClass, 
        type = "heatmap") %>% 
  colorbar(title = 'Monetary Class',
           limits = c(1,5), 
           tickmode = 'array', 
           tickvals = c(1,2,3,4,5)) %>%
  layout(title = "RFM Analyse",
         xaxis = list(title = 'Recency Class',
                      tickmode = 'array',
                      tickvals = c(1, 2,3,4,5),
                      ticktext = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
         ),
         yaxis = list(title = 'Frequency Class',
                      tickmode = 'array',
                      tickvals = c(1, 2,3,4,5),
                      ticktext = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
         )
  )

这是我的数据帧中100个样本，以及dput()的信息:

Here is a sample of 100 of my data frame, and the information of dput() :

     structure(list(RecencyClass = c(3, 4, 4, 3, 4, 4, 1, 4, 3, 4, 
4, 2, 1, 3, 5, 5, 2, 1, 4, 1, 3, 1, 4, 2, 2, 1, 4, 5, 2, 4, 5, 
1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 3, 4, 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3, 2, 5, 2, 1, 4, 1, 5, 2, 
4, 4, 2, 2, 5, 3, 1, 3, 3, 5, 2, 2, 4, 4, 2, 2, 5, 2, 2, 2, 5, 
3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 5, 2, 1, 1, 2, 1, 4, 2, 3, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 
5, 3, 5, 5, 5, 5), FrequencyClass = c(4, 5, 1, 3, 5, 5, 3, 1, 
5, 3, 1, 3, 4, 1, 3, 2, 1, 2, 5, 1, 1, 4, 3, 2, 3, 1, 4, 4, 2, 
4, 4, 5, 1, 1, 3, 4, 4, 3, 2, 4, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 4, 1, 1, 2, 1, 
3, 1, 3, 2, 2, 4, 2, 5, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 3, 5, 2, 1, 
4, 5, 1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 5, 4, 4, 2, 5, 1, 4, 1, 5, 2, 1, 1, 1, 3, 
5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 4, 2), MonetaryClass = c(5, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 
1, 2, 3, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 4, 3, 2, 3, 5, 2, 1, 4, 1, 3, 2, 3, 5, 
5, 3, 3, 4, 5, 1, 1, 3, 3, 5, 2, 2, 4, 4, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 
2, 4, 3, 1, 2, 4, 2, 5, 1, 5, 1, 1, 1, 3, 3, 2, 1, 5, 2, 4, 5, 
2, 1, 4, 2, 1, 3, 5, 2, 1, 5, 5, 5, 2, 4, 1, 5, 1, 5, 1, 4, 1, 
2, 1, 1, 5, 3, 5, 2, 2, 4, 3)), .Names = c("RecencyClass", "FrequencyClass", 
"MonetaryClass"), row.names = c(24908L, 34164L, 27970L, 23648L, 
35944L, 35581L, 7825L, 27857L, 26043L, 31093L, 27026L, 13607L, 
8689L, 18196L, 39464L, 37304L, 9820L, 6867L, 35361L, 4767L, 18345L, 
8840L, 29486L, 11414L, 13718L, 60L, 31892L, 41103L, 13347L, 33299L, 
41563L, 8950L, 16L, 568L, 21384L, 25256L, 24005L, 30861L, 6025L, 
25098L, 5800L, 20559L, 2362L, 20797L, 11256L, 40490L, 9163L, 
3282L, 29174L, 5965L, 38331L, 11068L, 31018L, 28535L, 11793L, 
16171L, 37278L, 25937L, 5976L, 19566L, 18754L, 37055L, 11249L, 
13414L, 27966L, 31049L, 11150L, 15701L, 42887L, 11334L, 10880L, 
16532L, 44559L, 18162L, 9545L, 7810L, 3715L, 10128L, 42163L, 
16488L, 8926L, 6416L, 17789L, 4352L, 32966L, 10045L, 26614L, 
12601L, 10906L, 3122L, 4696L, 15936L, 18048L, 34864L, 41047L, 
24615L, 41413L, 39479L, 40317L, 37389L), class = "data.frame")

它看起来像这样:

如您所见，我有25个框可用于分析矩阵.是否可以在每个框中写一个自选文本?例如，在框"1"的频率和"1"的新近度上，左下角的蓝黑色为我喜欢啤酒"之类的东西.或者在右上角的"5"和"5"上显示黄色，类似于我喜欢CSGO". 我用text尝试过，但是对我不起作用.

As you can see I have 25 boxes insight my matrix. Is it possible to write a self chosen text in every box ? For example on box "1" Frequency and "1" Recency the blue-black one on the bottom left corner something like " I like beer". Or on "5" and "5" the yellow one in the upper right corner,something like "I like CSGO". I tried it with text but it don't work for me.

推荐答案

首先定义5x5文本矩阵，然后将其添加到数据框中，然后使用add_annotations:

First define the 5x5 text matrix, then add it to the data frame and then use add_annotations:

txt <- matrix(LETTERS[1:25], nrow=5) # define your 5x5 text matrix
df$txt <- txt[as.matrix(df[,1:2])]
library(plotly)
plot_ly(z = ~df$MonetaryClass, 
        x = ~df$RecencyClass, 
        y = ~df$FrequencyClass, 
        type = "heatmap") %>% 
  colorbar(title = 'Monetary Class',
           limits = c(1,5), 
           tickmode = 'array', 
           tickvals = c(1,2,3,4,5)) %>%
  layout(title = "RFM Analyse",
         xaxis = list(title = 'Recency Class',
                      tickmode = 'array',
                      tickvals = c(1, 2,3,4,5),
                      ticktext = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
         ),
         yaxis = list(title = 'Frequency Class',
                      tickmode = 'array',
                      tickvals = c(1, 2,3,4,5),
                      ticktext = c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
         )
  ) %>%
  add_annotations(x = df$RecencyClass,
                  y = df$FrequencyClass,
                  text = df$txt, 
                  showarrow = FALSE,
                  ax = 20,
                  ay = -20)

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