将TOML反序列化为带有值的枚举向量 [英] Deserializing TOML into vector of enum with values

问题描述

我正在尝试读取TOML文件以创建一个结构，该结构包含带有相关值的枚举向量.这是示例代码:

I'm trying to read a TOML file to create a struct that contains a vector of enums with associated values. Here's the sample code:

extern crate serde;
#[macro_use]
extern crate serde_derive;
extern crate toml;

use std::fs::File;
use std::io::Read;

#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
struct Actor {
    name: String,
    actions: Vec<Actions>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
enum Actions {
    Wait(usize),
    Move { x: usize, y: usize },
}

fn main() {
    let input_file = "./sample_actor.toml";
    let mut file = File::open(input_file).unwrap();
    let mut file_content = String::new();
    let _bytes_read = file.read_to_string(&mut file_content).unwrap();
    let actor: Actor = toml::from_str(&file_content).unwrap();
    println!("Read actor {:?}", actor);
}

Cargo.toml

[dependencies]
serde_derive = "1.0.10"
serde = "1.0.10"
toml = "0.4.2"

sample_actor.toml

name = "actor1"
actions = [move 3 4, wait 20, move 5 6]

我知道文件看起来错误"，但是我不知道如何在TOML文件中编写动作，以便板条箱能够将它们识别为具有X个值的枚举.

I know the file looks "wrong", but I have no idea how I should write the actions in the TOML file such that the crate would be able to recognize them as an enum with X number of values.

使用cargo run运行此示例时遇到的错误如下:

The error I get when running this example with cargo run is the following:

thread 'main' panicked at 'called `Result::unwrap()` on an `Err` value: Error { inner: ErrorInner { kind: NumberInvalid, line: Some(1), col: 11, message: "", key: [] } }', /checkout/src/libcore/result.rs:906:4
note: Run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` for a backtrace.

我知道我可能需要为枚举实现FromStr以便将字符串转换为枚举，并且我简短地知道可以实现自定义反序列化器以特定方式反序列化，但是我不确定这些块放在一起.

I know that I probably need to implement FromStr for my enum to convert a string into my enum, and I briefly know that custom deserializers can be implemented to deserialize in a specific way, but I'm not sure how these pieces fit together.

似乎使用serde_json代替TOML的等效示例可以直接工作(当然，使用JSON文件代替TOML).

It seems an equivalent example using serde_json instead of TOML works straight out (using JSON files instead of TOML of course).

代码的JSON版本:

extern crate serde;
extern crate serde_json;

#[macro_use]
extern crate serde_derive;

use serde_json::Error;
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::Read;

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
enum Foo {
    bar(u32),
    baz { x: u32, y: u32 },
}

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
struct Address {
    street: String,
    city: String,
    nums: Vec<Foo>,
}

fn main() {
    /*
        let address = Address {
            street: "10 Downing Street".to_owned(),
            city: "London".to_owned(),
            nums : vec![Foo::bar(1), Foo::baz{x : 2, y : 3}],
        };

        // Serialize it to a JSON string.
        let j = serde_json::to_string(&address).unwrap();

        // Print, write to a file, or send to an HTTP server.
        println!("{}", j);
    */
    let input_file = "./sample_address.json";
    let mut file = File::open(input_file).unwrap();
    let mut file_content = String::new();
    let _bytes_read = file.read_to_string(&mut file_content).unwrap();
    let address: Address = serde_json::from_str(&file_content).unwrap();
    println!("{:?}", address);
}

在此示例中读取/写入的JSON数据为:

The JSON data read/written in this example is:

Address { street: "10 Downing Street", city: "London", nums: [bar(1), baz { x: 2, y: 3 }] }

也许TOML板条箱不能支持我的用例?

Maybe the TOML crate can't support my use-case?

推荐答案

Serde具有许多用于序列化的选项枚举.

适合您的情况的

extern crate serde;
#[macro_use]
extern crate serde_derive;
extern crate toml;

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
#[serde(tag = "type", content = "args")]
enum Actions {
    Wait(usize),
    Move { x: usize, y: usize },
}

fn main() {
    println!("{}", toml::to_string(&Actions::Wait(5)).unwrap());

    println!("{}", toml::to_string(&Actions::Move { x: 1, y: 1 }).unwrap());
}

type = "Wait"
args = 5

type = "Move"

[args]
x = 1
y = 1

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