django html模板找不到静态的css和js文件 [英] django html template can't find static css and js files
问题描述
我有一个django项目，其结构如下:
I have a django project that structure is like this:
>vira
>vira
-__init.py
-settings.py
-urls.py
-wsgi.py
>vira_app
>migrations
>template
-index.html
>static
>vira_app
>assets
>css
>js
>vendor
>aos
>bootstrap
>bootstrap-icons
>isotope-layout
>swiper
-__init__.py
-admin.py
-apps.py
-models.py
-tests.py
-urls.py
-views.py
-db.sqlite3
-manage.py
我用过引导程序.index.html如下所示:
I have used bootstrap. index.html is like below:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
{% load static %}
<link href="{% static 'vira_app/assets/vendor/aos/aos.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{% static 'vira_app/assets/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{% static 'vira_app/assets/vendor/bootstrap-icons/bootstrap-icons.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
<link href="{% static 'vira_app/assets/vendor/swiper/swiper-bundle.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
{% load static %}
<link href="{% static 'vira_app/assets/css/style.css' %}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<main id="main">
<div id="portfolio-grid" class="row no-gutter" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-delay="200">
{% if catalogue_list %}
{% for Catalogue in catalogue_list %}
<div class="item web col-sm-6 col-md-4 col-lg-4 mb-4">
<a href="{{ Catalogue.link }}" class="item-wrap fancybox">
<div class="work-info">
<h3>{{ Catalogue.title }}</h3>
<span>{{ Catalogue.source }}</span>
</div>
<img class="img-fluid" src="{{ Catalogue.image }}">
</a>
</div>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %}
</div>
</div>
</main>
<a href="#" class="back-to-top d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center"><i class="bi bi-arrow-up-short"></i></a>
<script src="assets/vendor/aos/aos.js"></script>
<script src="assets/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/vendor/isotope-layout/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/vendor/php-email-form/validate.js"></script>
<script src="assets/vendor/swiper/swiper-bundle.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/main.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
settings.py:
settings.py:
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'vira_app', 'template')
],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = '/vira_app/template'
当我运行服务器并转到index.html时，从db检索的数据可以很好地显示，但是没有任何样式！
When I run the server and go to index.html, data retrieved from db and show well, but without any style!
我尝试了一些解决方案，请检查每个静态网址，但不能正常工作
I have tried some solution, check every static url, but not working
实际上，css，js和供应商未应用.有什么问题吗?
In fact, css, js and vendors not applied. What's the problem?
推荐答案
某些设置被滥用:
STATIC_URL ='/static/'-很好
STATIC_ROOT ='/vira_app/template'-不，这应该是与项目结构无关的文件夹.最后，在产品上，它可以是CDN URL或其他服务器上的文件夹.因此，一开始尝试将其更改为 STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR，'static')之类的东西.
STATIC_ROOT = '/vira_app/template' - nope, this is supposed to be some folder not really related to the project structure. In the end, on prod it can be a CDN URL or a folder on different server. So try changing it to something like STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static') for the start.
如评论中所述，您可能需要定义 STATICFILES_DIRS -必须从收集来自静态文件的文件夹列表，到
As mentioned in comments you might need to define STATICFILES_DIRS - a list of folders where from static files must be collected to STATIC_ROOT by collectstatic command. This means you can have many subfolders containing static files in different places. However you'll need to collect those files all together to deploy somewhere. STATICFILES_DIRS + collectstatic will collect all of those files for you into given STATIC_ROOT (and contents of this folder should be deployed somewhere, to CDN for example).
请注意， STATICFILES_FINDERS 的默认集合已经包含 AppDirectoriesFinder ，它将自动在任何项目应用中找到所有 static 子文件夹.这意味着，如果将 static 子文件夹从 templates 移到 vira_app 根目录-您无需在 STATICFILES_DIRS .
Note, default set of STATICFILES_FINDERS already contains AppDirectoriesFinder which will automatically find all the static subfolders in any of the project apps. This means if you move static subfolder from templates to the vira_app root - you won't have to mention it in the STATICFILES_DIRS.
所以:
-
STATIC_ROOT不应指向任何templates子文件夹，而应将其更改为更全局"的名称. -
STATICFILES_DIRS应该链接到您现在保留静态文件的文件夹，或者应将此文件夹移到vira_app的根目录以让collectstatic找到 在检查渲染页面中的样式和脚本之前，必须先运行 -
collectstatic - 运行
collectstatic后，所有静态文件必须保留在STATIC_ROOT中，因此django将能够将STATIC_URL之后的相对URL映射到之后的相对路径STATIC_ROOT，这些文件将被加载
STATIC_ROOTshould not point to anytemplatessubfolders, change it to something more "global"STATICFILES_DIRSshould link to the folder(s) where you keep your static files now or this folder should be moved to the root ofvira_appto letcollectstaticfind itcollectstaticmust be run before checking your styles and scripts in rendered page- after running
collectstaticall the static files must persist inSTATIC_ROOTso django will be able to map relative urls afterSTATIC_URLto relative paths afterSTATIC_ROOTand those files will be loaded
PS
请注意，您显示的某些静态文件在显示的模板中以错误的方式链接:
Note, some of your static files are linked in wrong way in the shown template:
<script src="assets/vendor/aos/aos.js"></script>
这也应该更改为 {％static ... .
这篇关于django html模板找不到静态的css和js文件的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
