将没有任何空格/分隔符的句子拆分为带有空格的句子 [英] Splitting a sentence without any whitespace/seperators into a sentence with whitespace

问题描述

我正在为编程语言课程开展学期末项目.任务如下.我正在用 Java 编写它，但在 Prolog 中编写时遇到了很多麻烦.我在使用 Prolog 时遇到了很多麻烦，所以这个问题既是在寻找作业的帮助，也是在试图更多地了解 Prolog.非常感谢我能得到的任何帮助

I'm working on an end-of-semester project for a Programming languages course. The assignment is given below. I'm finishing writing it in Java and I'm having a lot of trouble writing in Prolog. I've been having a lot of trouble with Prolog so this question is as much looking for help with the assignment as it is trying to understand Prolog more. Any help that I can get would be GREATLY appreciated

一个句子包含单词，所有出现在字典中，那会发生没有白色的连接空格作为分隔符.描述一个产生所有可能的解决方案答案，与给定的兼容字典中的以下 2 个3 种语言:Java、Haskell、Prolog.这测试数据以 UTF-8 文本形式提供每行包含一个句子的文件，所有单词出现在字典，以 UTF-8 文本形式提供文件每行一个字.这输出应该是一个 UTF-8 文本文件包含所有的句子用空格分隔的单词.

A sentence contains words, all occurring in a dictionary, that happen to be concatenated without white spaces as separators. Describe a solution that produces all possible answers, compatible with a given dictionary in 2 out of the following 3 languages: Java, Haskell, Prolog. The test data is provided as a UTF-8 text file containing one sentence per line, with all words occurring in the dictionary, provided as a UTF-8 text file with one word on each line. The output should be a UTF-8 text file containing the sentences with all words separated by white spaces.

word 文件示例:

猫
狗
树皮
运行

离开

cat
dog
barks
runs
the
away

一个句子文件的例子是

狗吠
猫逃跑

推荐答案

你的程序的核心应该是一个谓词，它标记一个字符代码列表，即从代码中构建一个原子(=单词)列表.大纲如下:

The core of your program should be a predicate that tokenizes a list of character codes, i.e. builds a list of atoms (= words) out of the codes. Below is an outline:

%% tokenize(+Codes:list, -Atoms:list)
%
% Converts a list of character codes
% into a list of atoms. There can be several solutions.
tokenize([], []) :- !.

tokenize(Cs, [A | As]) :-
    % Use append/3 to extract the Prefix of the code list
    append(...),
    % Check if the prefix constitutes a word in the dictionary,
    % and convert it into an atom.
    is_word(Prefix, A),
    % Parse the remaining codes
    tokenize(...).

您现在可以定义:

is_word(Codes, Atom) :-
    atom_codes(Atom, Codes),
    word(Atom).

word(the).
word(there).
word(review).
word(view).

split_words(Sentence, Words) :-
    atom_codes(Sentence, Codes),
    tokenize(Codes, Words).

并像这样使用它:

?- split_words('thereview', Ws).
Ws = [the, review] ;
Ws = [there, view] ;
false.

或者在更复杂的情况下使用它，您解析文件以获取输入并将结果输出到文件中.

or use it in something more complex where you parse a file to obtain the input and output the results into a file.

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