使用 Vagrant 管理开发和生产环境? [英] Using Vagrant to manage development and production environments?

问题描述

人们如何使用 vagrant(最好来自同一个 vagrantfile)为 dev/prod 环境处理简单的自动化(使用 puppet)?

How are people handling simple automation (with puppet) for dev / prod environments with vagrant (ideally from the same vagrantfile)?

我正在尝试解决的用例

• 如果没有创建，我很乐意使用 vagrant 启动生产机器.
• 如果在我的开发环境的 puppet 文件中调整了 nginx 或 apache confs，我很乐意使用 vagrant 在生产环境中重新加载它们.

问题

当您通过 AWS 或 Digital Ocean 等提供商调用 vagrant 时，它会成为活动提供商，您无法切换.您收到此错误:

When you call vagrant up with a provider like AWS or Digital Ocean, it becomes the active provider and you can't switch. You get this error:

发现一台使用不同提供商的活动机器.流浪汉目前允许每台机器只带一个一次提供者.未来的版本将删除此限制.在此之前，请销毁现有机器以安装新机器提供者.

An active machine was found with a different provider. Vagrant currently allows each machine to be brought up with only a single provider at a time. A future version will remove this limitation. Until then, please destroy the existing machine to up with a new provider.

似乎是要销毁的答案，但我只需要切换即可.我不想破坏.

It seems the answer it to destroy, but I just need to switch. I don't want to destroy.

我很想说

vagrant up prod

或

vagrant reload prod

然后一个简单的 vagrant up 将回退到默认机器.

and then a simple vagrant up would fall back to the default machine.

此语法类似于多台机器的工作方式，但是我不想在调用 vagrant up 时启动开发和生产环境(这是默认行为).

This syntax is similar to how multiple machines work, but I don't want to spin up a dev and production environment when I just call vagrant up (which is the default behavior).

我是否应该将打包程序视为工作流程的一部分?我在 puppetconf 2013 上观看了 Mitchell 关于 Multi-Provider http://puppetlabs.com/presentations/multi-provider-vagrant-aws-vmware-and-more

Should I be looking at packer as part of the workflow? I watched the whole talk at puppetconf 2013 on Mitchell's talk on Multi-Provider http://puppetlabs.com/presentations/multi-provider-vagrant-aws-vmware-and-more

我仍然没有看到解决我的问题的方法.

I'm still not seeing a solution for my problem.

更新 9/27/13

如果其他人反对这个想法，这篇文章解决了我的很多问题.http://pretengineer.com/post/packer-vagrant-infra

In case anybody else is fighting this idea, this article cleared up a lot of questions I had. http://pretengineer.com/post/packer-vagrant-infra

推荐答案

至于变通方法，您应该定义 config.vm.define(如建议的 此处)，以支持多个提供商.

As for workaround, you should define config.vm.define (as suggested here), in order to support multiple providers.

请以@kzap 发布的以下配置为例:

Please find the following configuration posted by @kzap as example:

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|

  # Store the current version of Vagrant for use in conditionals when dealing
  # with possible backward compatible issues.
  vagrant_version = Vagrant::VERSION.sub(/^v/, '')

  # Configuration options for the VirtualBox provider.
  def configure_vbox_provider(config, name, ip, memory = 2048, cpus = 1)
    config.vm.provider :virtualbox do |v, override| 
      # override box url
      override.vm.box = "ubuntu/trusty64"
      # configure host-only network
      override.vm.hostname = "#{name}.dev"
      override.vm.network :private_network, id: "vvv_primary", ip: ip

      v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, 
        "--memory", memory,
        "--cpus", cpus,
        "--name", name,
        "--natdnshostresolver1", "on",
        "--natdnsproxy1", "on"
      ]
    end
  end

  default_provider = "virtualbox"
  supported_providers = %w(virtualbox rackspace aws managed)
  active_provider = ENV['VAGRANT_ACTIVE_PROVIDER'] # it'd be better to get this from the CLI --provider option
  supported_providers.each do |provider|
  next unless (active_provider.nil? && provider == default_provider) || active_provider == provider

    #
    # VM per provider
    #
    config.vm.define :"sample-#{provider}" do | sample_web_config |

      case provider
      when "virtualbox"
        configure_vbox_provider(sample_web_config, "examine-web", "192.168.50.1")

      when "aws"
        configure_aws_provider(sample_web_config)

      when "managed"
        configure_managed_provider(sample_web_config, "1.2.3.4")

      when "rackspace"
        configure_rackspace_provider(sample_web_config)  

      end
  end

end

或者以下示例发布在 @maxlinc 的要点:

Or the following example posted at gist by @maxlinc:

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# Vagrantfile API/syntax version. Don't touch unless you know what you're doing!
VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION = "2"

Vagrant.configure(VAGRANTFILE_API_VERSION) do |config|
  config.vm.box = "dummy"

  config.vm.provider :rackspace do |rs|
    rs.username = ENV['RAX_USERNAME']
    rs.api_key  = ENV['RAX_API_KEY']
    rs.rackspace_region   = :ord
  end

  supported_providers = %w(virtualbox rackspace)
  active_provider = ENV['VAGRANT_ACTIVE_PROVIDER'] # it'd be better to get this from the CLI --provider option
  supported_providers.each do |provider|
    next unless active_provider.nil? || active_provider == provider

    config.vm.define "exact_name_#{provider}" do |box|
      box.vm.provider :rackspace do |rs|
        rs.flavor = '1 GB Performance'
        rs.image  = 'Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) (PVHVM)'
      end
    end

    config.vm.define "regex_#{provider}" do |box|
      box.vm.provider :rackspace do |rs|
        rs.flavor = /1\s+GB\s+Performance/
        rs.image  = /Ubuntu.*Trusty Tahr.*(PVHVM)/
      end
    end

    config.vm.define "id_#{provider}" do |box|
      box.vm.provider :rackspace do |rs|
        rs.flavor = 'performance1-1'
        rs.image  = 'bb02b1a3-bc77-4d17-ab5b-421d89850fca'
      end
    end

    config.vm.define "unlisted_#{provider}" do |box|
      box.vm.provider :rackspace do |rs|
        rs.flavor = 'performance1-1'
        rs.image = '547a46bd-d913-4bf7-ac35-2f24f25f1b7a'
      end
    end
  end
end

这篇关于使用 Vagrant 管理开发和生产环境?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！