阵列中的红宝石阵列,通过引用传递 [英] Array of Arrays in ruby, passed by reference

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问题描述

我试图创建用零填充在Ruby中一个5x5的矩阵。在code我用的是:

 红宝石1.9.2-P290:014>一个= Array.new(5,Array.new(5,0))
 = GT; [0,0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0,0],[0,0,0,0,0],[ 0,0,0,0,0]]

然而,新创建的阵列内不独立的物体,但对某一个参考。所以,当我尝试做了以下内容: A [2] [2] = 1 我得到:

  => [0,0,1,0,0],[0,0,1,0,0],[0,0,1,0,0],[0,0,1,0,0],[ 0,0,1,0,0]]

这显然不是我想要的。检查对象IDS证实了这一点:

 红宝石1.9.2-P290:020> a.collect {| Z | ž.__ ID __}。uniq的
 = GT; [70253724580020]

我的问题是:这是一个错误或功能? :)我应该怎么创建数组的数组正确?


解决方案

  

我试图创建用零填充在Ruby中一个5x5的矩阵。在code我用的是:


正如其他人所指出的那样,这是数组应该如何工作。相反,你应该使用块初始化:

  A = Array.new(5){Array.new(5,0)}

此外,然而,如果你正在做一个矩阵,考虑使用标准库Matrix类

 要求'矩阵'
 #=>真正M = Matrix.build(5,5){0}
 #=>矩阵[0,0,0,0,0],
 #[0,0,0,0,0],
 #[0,0,0,0,0],
 #[0,0,0,0,0],
 #[0,0,0,0,0]]m.determinant
 #=> 0

I'm trying to create a 5x5 matrix in Ruby filled with zeroes. The code I used was:

ruby-1.9.2-p290 :014 > a = Array.new(5, Array.new(5, 0))
 => [[0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]] 

However, the newly created arrays inside are not separate objects, but a reference to one. So when I try to do the following: a[2][2] = 1 I get:

=> [[0, 0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0, 0]] 

Which is obviously not what I want. Checking objects ids confirms it:

ruby-1.9.2-p290 :020 > a.collect {|z| z.__id__}.uniq
 => [70253724580020] 

My questions is: is it a bug or feature? :) And how should I create array of arrays properly?

解决方案

I'm trying to create a 5x5 matrix in Ruby filled with zeroes. The code I used was:

As others have pointed out, this is how arrays are supposed to work. Instead, you should use the block initializer:

a = Array.new(5) { Array.new(5, 0) }

In addition, however, if you're making a matrix, consider using the Matrix class in the standard library:

require 'matrix'
 # => true 

m = Matrix.build(5, 5) { 0 }
 # => Matrix[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
 #           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
 #           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
 #           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
 #           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]] 

m.determinant
 # => 0 

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