如何使用 Pivot_longer 将宽型数据重塑为具有多个变量的长型数据 [英] How to use Pivot_longer to reshape from wide-type data to long-type data with multiple variables

问题描述

我想问一下如何将下面的dataframe从宽型改成长型.

I would like to ask how to reshape the following dataframe from wide-type to long-type.

宽型数据如下.整形前的宽型数据长型数据，即我想得到的数据帧，如下.整形后的长型数据如果您能给我使用 Pivot-longer 的提示，我将不胜感激.

The wide-type data is as follows. Wide-type data before reshaping The long type data, i.e. the dataframe that I would like to get, is as follows. Long-type data after reshaping Hugely appreciate if you could give me tips to do this using pivot-longer.

我可以通过编写 BLS 和 ELS 分别重塑数据:

I could reshape the data separately by BLS and ELS by writing :

df_long_BLS <- df %>%
pivot_longer(
cols = starts_with("BLS_tchrG"),
names_to = "grade",
names_prefix = "BLS_tchrG",
values_to = "BLS_tchrG"
)
df_long_ELS <- df %>%
pivot_longer(
cols = starts_with("ELS_tchrG"),
names_to = "grade",
names_prefix = "ELS_tchrG",
values_to = "ELS_tchrG"
)

但是这样我需要合并两个单独的文件.我想知道如何在不制作 2 个单独文件的情况下进行此数据重塑.

But in this way I need to merge the 2 separate files. I would like to know how to do this data reshape without making 2 separate files.

非常感谢，

推荐答案

你可以试试:

tidyr::pivot_longer(df, cols = -ID_IE, 
                    names_to = c('.value', 'grade'), 
                    names_pattern = '(.*)(\\d+)')

# A tibble: 8 x 4
#  ID_IE grade BLS_tchrG ELS_tchrG
#  <dbl> <chr>     <dbl>     <dbl>
#1  2135 2             1         1
#2  2135 7             1         1
#3  2101 2             0         0
#4  2101 7             2         0
#5  2103 2             0         0
#6  2103 7             3         0
#7  2111 2             1         1
#8  2111 7             4         1

数据

尝试使用此数据:

df <- data.frame(ID_IE = c(2135, 2101, 2103, 2111), BLS_tchrG2 = c(1, 0, 0, 1), 
                 BLS_tchrG7 = 1:4,
                 ELS_tchrG2 = c(1, 0, 0, 1), ELS_tchrG7 = c(1, 0, 0, 1))

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