Matplotlib 中的非 ASCII 字符 [英] Non-ASCII characters in Matplotlib

问题描述

我在 Matplotlib 中显示非 .

解决方案

这个问题实际上可能有几个不同的原因:

默认字体不包括这些字形

您可以使用以下方法更改默认字体(在任何绘图完成之前！)

matplotlib.rc('font', family='Arial')

在某些版本的 matplotlib 中，您必须设置系列:

matplotlib.rc('font', **{'sans-serif' : 'Arial','家庭':'无衬线'})

(请注意，因为 sans-serif 在 **{} 语法中包含连字符，所以实际上是必需的.)

第一个命令将 sans-serif 字体系列更改为仅包含一种字体(在我的情况下是 Arial)，第二个将默认字体系列设置为 sans-serif.

其他选项包含在文档中.

您错误地创建/传递字符串对象到 Matplotlib

即使字体包含正确的字形，如果您忘记使用 u 来创建 Unicode 常量，Matplotlib 会有这种行为:

plt.xlabel("Średnia odległość między stacjami wsparcia a modelowaną [km]")

所以你需要添加u:

plt.xlabel(u"Średnia odległość między stacjami wsparcia a modelowaną [km]")

另一个原因是您忘记在顶部放置UTF-8 魔术注释文件(我读到这可能是问题的根源):

# -*- 编码:utf-8 -*-

I have a problem displaying non-ASCII characters in Matplotlib, these characters are rendered as small boxes instead of a proper font, it looks like (I filled these boxes with red paint to hightlight them):

How do I fix it?

A related question is Accented characters in Matplotlib.

解决方案

This problem may actually have a couple of different causes:

The default font does not include these glyphs

You may change the default font using the following (before any plotting is done!)

matplotlib.rc('font', family='Arial')

In some versions of matplotlib you'll have to set the family:

matplotlib.rc('font', **{'sans-serif' : 'Arial',
                         'family' : 'sans-serif'})

(Note that because sans-serif contains a hyphen inside the **{} syntax, it is actually necessary.)

The first command changes the sans-serif font family to contain only one font (in my case it was Arial), the second sets the default font family to sans-serif.

Other options are included in the documentation.

You have improperly created/passed string objects into Matplotlib

Even if the font contains proper glyphs, if you forgot to use u to create Unicode constants, Matplotlib will have this behaviour:

plt.xlabel("Średnia odległość między stacjami wsparcia a modelowaną [km]")

So you need to add u:

plt.xlabel(u"Średnia odległość między stacjami wsparcia a modelowaną [km]")

Another cause is that you forgot to put a UTF-8 magic comment on top of the file (I read that this might be the source of the problem):

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

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