在 R 中绘制多条线(数据系列)，每条线都具有独特的颜色 [英] Plot multiple lines (data series) each with unique color in R

问题描述

我是 R 的新手，我有以下疑问:

I am fairly new to R and I have the following queries :

我正在尝试在 R 中生成一个包含多行(数据系列)的图.每条线都是一个类别，我希望它具有独特的颜色.

I am trying to generate a plot in R which has multiple lines (data series). Each of these lines is a category and I want it to have a unique color.

目前我的代码是这样设置的:

Currently my code is setup in this way :

首先，我正在创建一个空图:

First, I am creating an empty plot :

plot(1,type='n',xlim=c(1,10),ylim=c(0,max_y),xlab='ID', ylab='Frequency')

然后对于我的每个类别，我使用for"循环在这个空图中绘制线条，如下所示:

Then for each of my category, I am plotting lines in this empty plot using a "for" loop like so :

for (category in categories){
lines(data.frame.for.this.category, type='o', col=sample(rainbow(10)), lwd=2)
}

这里有 8 个类别，因此图中产生了 8 条线.如您所见，我正在尝试从 Rainbows() 函数中采样一种颜色，以便为每条线生成一种颜色.

There are 8 categories here, and so there are 8 lines produced in the plot. As you can see, I am trying to sample a color from the rainbows() function to generate a color for each line.

然而，当生成绘图时，我发现有多条线具有相同的颜色.例如，这 8 条线中有 3 条是绿色的.

However, when the plot is generated, I find that there are multiple lines which have the same color. For instance, 3 of those 8 lines have green color.

如何使这 8 条线中的每一条都具有独特的颜色?

How do I make each of these 8 lines have a unique color ?

另外，我如何在情节的传说中体现这种独特性?我试图查找 legend() 函数，但是不清楚我应该使用哪个参数来反映每个类别的这种独特颜色?

Also, how do I reflect this uniqueness in the legend of the plot ? I was trying to lookup the legend() function, however it was not clear which parameter I should use to reflect this unique color for each category ?

任何帮助或建议将不胜感激.

Any help or suggestions would be much appreciated.

推荐答案

如果您的数据位于 wideformat matplot 就是为此而设计的，但经常被遗忘:

If your data is in wide format matplot is made for this and often forgotten about:

 dat <- matrix(runif(40,1,20),ncol=4) # make data
 matplot(dat, type = c("b"),pch=1,col = 1:4) #plot
 legend("topleft", legend = 1:4, col=1:4, pch=1) # optional legend

对于那些不熟悉诸如 ggplot 之类的东西的人来说，还有一个额外的好处，即大多数绘图参数，例如 pch 等，使用 matplot() 作为 plot().

There is also the added bonus for those unfamiliar with things like ggplot that most of the plotting paramters such as pch etc. are the same using matplot() as plot().

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