如何在 python/pygame 中制作按钮? [英] How to make buttons in python/pygame?

问题描述

我正在 pygame 中制作游戏，并且在第一个屏幕上我希望有一些按钮，您可以按这些按钮 (i) 开始游戏，(ii) 加载带有说明的新屏幕，以及 (iii) 退出程序.

I'm making a game in pygame and on the first screen I want there to be buttons that you can press to (i) start the game, (ii) load a new screen with instructions, and (iii) exit the program.

我在网上找到了用于按钮制作的这段代码，但我不太明白(我不太擅长面向对象编程).如果我能得到一些关于它在做什么的解释，那就太好了.另外，当我使用它并尝试使用文件路径在我的计算机上打开文件时，出现错误 sh: filepath :Permission denied ，我不知道如何解决.

I've found this code online for button making, but I don't really understand it (I'm not that good at object oriented programming). If I could get some explanation as to what it's doing that would be great. Also, when I use it and try to open a file on my computer using the file path, I get the error sh: filepath :Permission denied, which I don't know how to solve.

#load_image is used in most pygame programs for loading images
def load_image(name, colorkey=None):
    fullname = os.path.join('data', name)
    try:
        image = pygame.image.load(fullname)
    except pygame.error, message:
        print 'Cannot load image:', fullname
        raise SystemExit, message
    image = image.convert()
    if colorkey is not None:
        if colorkey is -1:
            colorkey = image.get_at((0,0))
        image.set_colorkey(colorkey, RLEACCEL)
    return image, image.get_rect()
class Button(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    """Class used to create a button, use setCords to set 
        position of topleft corner. Method pressed() returns
        a boolean and should be called inside the input loop."""
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image, self.rect = load_image('button.png', -1)

    def setCords(self,x,y):
        self.rect.topleft = x,y

    def pressed(self,mouse):
        if mouse[0] > self.rect.topleft[0]:
            if mouse[1] > self.rect.topleft[1]:
                if mouse[0] < self.rect.bottomright[0]:
                    if mouse[1] < self.rect.bottomright[1]:
                        return True
                    else: return False
                else: return False
            else: return False
        else: return False
def main():
    button = Button() #Button class is created
    button.setCords(200,200) #Button is displayed at 200,200
    while 1:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                if button.pressed(mouse):   #Button's pressed method is called
                    print ('button hit')
if __name__ == '__main__': main()

感谢任何能帮助我的人.

Thank you to anyone who can help me.

推荐答案

我没有给你的代码示例，但我的做法是:

I don't have a code example for you, but how I would do it is to:

1. 创建一个按钮类，将按钮上的文本作为构造函数参数

1. Make a Button class, with the text to go on the button as a constructor argument

1. 创建一个 PyGame 表面，无论是图像还是填充的矩形
2. 使用 Pygame 中的 Font.Render 内容在其上渲染文本

Blit 到游戏屏幕，保存该矩形.

检查，在鼠标单击时，mouse.get_pos() 与矩形中的坐标匹配，该坐标由按钮的 blit 返回到主表面.

这与您的示例正在执行的操作相似，尽管仍然不同.

That is similar to what your example is doing, although different still.

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