用自定义的post方法和模型覆盖Django REST ViewSet [英] Overriding Django REST ViewSet with custom post method and model

问题描述

在Django的REST框架中，我有一个 ModelViewSet ，使我能够通过以下地址进行POST和GET：

api / v1 / users

这些用户与注释表有一个反向关系， 'd喜欢通过URL访问这些评论：

api / v1 / users /< username> / comments

我可以通过设置自定义 @detail_route 来覆盖 queryset 和 serializer_class ，但它只适用于GET请求。如果我尝试通过REST框架的管理部分发布新的注释，我收到一条错误通知，指出ListSerializer对象不可迭代

这是我的代码： / p>

  class UserViewSet（viewsets.ModelViewSet）：
 queryset = User.objects.all（）
 serializer_class = UserFlat 
 lookup_field ='username'
 
 
 @detail_route（methods = ['post'，'get']）
 def comment（self，request，** kwargs）
 
 user = self.get_object（）
 
 self.queryset = Comment.objects.filter（recipient = user.id）
 self.serializer_class = CommentFlat 
 
 serializer = CommentFlat（instance = self.queryset，many = True）
 
返回响应（serializer.data）
  / pre> 
 
 
新评论应该采用以下参数：
 
 
 
 comment.author，comment.message，comment 。收件人
 
 
 
我可以呃管理面板中的所有这些字段，并尝试创建一个发布请求，但它失败。理想情况下，我只需要填写comment.message和comment.author，并且comment.recipient字段应该自动填充在url  api / v1 / users /< username>>中获取的user.id ; / comments  
 
 
 
有谁知道为什么我的发帖请求没有完成，以及我如何自动填充该字段？
解决方案
我想出来了。对于那些寻求答案的人来说，解决方案是明确定义 request.method =='POST'并将对象传递给序列化程序时发生的操作。 
  @detail_route（methods = ['post'，'get']）
 def comment（self，request， ** kwargs）
 
 user = self.get_object（）
 
 self.queryset = Comment.objects.filter（recipient = user.id）
 self。 serializer_class = CommentFlat 
 
如果request.method =='POST'：
 
＃request.data来自POST对象。我们想要使用这些
＃值，并在我们的URL参数
 data = {
'comment'：request.data [']中定义了
＃的user.id。评论']，
'rating'：request.data ['rating']，
'author'：request.data ['author']，
'recipient'：user.id 
} 
 
 serializer = CommentFlat（data = data）
 
如果serializer.is_valid（）：
 serializer.save（）
返回响应（serializer.data，status = status.HTTP_201_CREATED）
 else：
返回响应（serializer.errors，status = status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST）
 
＃默认情况下返回GET 
 else：
 
 serializer = CommentFlat（instance = self.queryset，many = True）
 
返回响应（serializer.data）
  
 
I have a a ModelViewSet in Django's REST Framework that gives me the ability to do a POST and GET through the following address:

api/v1/users

These Users have a a reverse relation to a Comments table and I'd like to be able to access these Comments through the URL:

api/v1/users/<username>/comments

I was able to do this by setting up a custom @detail_route by overriding the queryset and and serializer_class but it only works for GET requests. If I attempt to POST a new comment through the REST Framework's admin section, I receive an error notice stating "'ListSerializer' object is not iterable"

Here's my code:
class UserViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset         = User.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserFlat
    lookup_field     = 'username'


    @detail_route(methods=['post','get'])
    def comment(self, request, **kwargs):

        user = self.get_object()

        self.queryset         = Comment.objects.filter(recipient=user.id)
        self.serializer_class = CommentFlat

        serializer = CommentFlat(instance=self.queryset, many=True)

        return Response(serializer.data)
The new comment should take the following parameters:

comment.author, comment.message, comment.recipient

I can enter all those fields in the admin panel and attempt to create a post request but it fails. Ideally, I should only have to fill out comment.message and comment.author and the comment.recipient field should be autopopulated with user.id which is obtained in the url api/v1/users/<username>/comments

Does anyone know why my post request isn't completing and how I can autofill that one field?
解决方案
I figured it out. For those looking for an answer as well, the solution was to explicitly define the actions that occur when request.method == 'POST' and pass a the object into the serializer.
    @detail_route(methods=['post','get'])
    def comment(self, request, **kwargs):

        user = self.get_object()

        self.queryset = Comment.objects.filter(recipient=user.id)
        self.serializer_class = CommentFlat

        if request.method == 'POST':

            # request.data is from the POST object. We want to take these
            # values and supplement it with the user.id that's defined
            # in our URL parameter
            data = {
                'comment': request.data['comment'],
                'rating': request.data['rating'],
                'author': request.data['author'],
                'recipient': user.id
            }

            serializer = CommentFlat(data=data)

            if serializer.is_valid():
                serializer.save()
                return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
            else:
                return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

        # Return GET by default
        else:

            serializer = CommentFlat(instance=self.queryset, many=True)

            return Response(serializer.data)


                        
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