如何使用Python发送电子邮件？ [英] How can I send email using Python?

问题描述

我正在编写一个使用Python发送电子邮件的程序。我从各种论坛中学到的是以下代码：

 ＃！/ usr / bin / env python 
 import smtplib 
 sender =[e-mail]
 recipients = [[e-mail]] 
 yourname =Abhishek Sagar
 recvname =receptionist
 sub =测试电子邮件
 body =who cares
 message =From：+ yourname +\\\

 message = message + to：+ recvname +\\\

 message = message +Subject：+ sub +\\\

 message = message + body 
 try：
打印发送电子邮件到+ recvname +...，
 server = smtplib.SMTP（'smtp.gmail.com:587'）
 username ='[e-mail]'
 password ='*****'
 server.ehlo（）
 server.starttls（）
 server.login（用户名，密码）
 server.sendmail（发件人，接收者，消息）
 server.quit（）
打印成功发送！ 
除外：
打印错误：无法发送电子邮件
  

但是只是打印错误：无法发送电子邮件并退出终端，我该如何解决？

我将最后两行修改为

 除了异常，错误：
 print无法发送电子邮件：'％s' str（error）
  

我收到以下错误信息：

 追溯（最近的最后一次呼叫）：
文件./2.py，第45行，< module> 
 smtpObj = smtplib .SMTP（'localhost'）
文件/usr/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py，第239行，__init__ 
（code，msg）= self.connect（host，port） 
文件/usr/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py，第295行，连接
 self.sock = self._get_socket（host，port，self.timeout）
文件/usr/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py，第273行，_get_socket 
返回socket.create_connection（（端口，主机），超时）
文件/usr/lib/python2.6/socket.py，行514，在create_connection 
 raise错误，msg 
 socket.error：[Errno 111]连接拒绝
  




解决方案

如果消息头，有效载荷包含非ASCII字符，那么它们应该被编码： / p>



 ＃！/ usr / bin / env python 
＃ -  *  - 编码：utf-8  -  *  -  
 from email.header import Header 
 from email.mime.text import MIMEText 
 from getpass import getpass 
 from smtplib import SMTP_SSL 
 
 
 login， password ='[e-mail]'，getpass（'Gmail password：'）
 recipient = [login] 
 
＃创建消息
 msg = MIMEText（'message body ... '，'plain'，'utf-8'）
 msg ['Subject'] = Header（'subject ...'，'utf-8'）
 msg ['From'] = login 
 msg ['To'] =，.join（recipient）
 
＃通过gmail发送
s = SMTP_SSL（'smtp.gmail.com'，465，timeout = 10 ）
 s.set_debuglev el（1）
 try：
 s.login（login，password）
 s.sendmail（msg ['From']，recipient，msg.as_string（））
 finally ：
 s.quit（）
  




I am writing a program that sends an email using Python. What I have learned from various forums is the following piece of code:

#!/usr/bin/env python
import smtplib
sender = "[e-mail]"
receivers = ["[e-mail]"]
yourname = "Abhishek Sagar"
recvname = "receptionist"
sub = "Testing email"
body = "who cares"
message = "From: " + yourname + "\n" 
message = message + "To: " + recvname + "\n"
message = message + "Subject: " + sub + "\n" 
message = message + body
try:
    print "Sending email to " + recvname + "...",
    server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
    username = '[e-mail]'  
    password = '*****'  
    server.ehlo()
    server.starttls()  
    server.login(username,password)  
    server.sendmail(sender, receivers, message)         
    server.quit()
    print "successfully sent!"
except  Exception:
    print "Error: unable to send email"

But it is simply printing ""Error: unable to send email" and exits out on the terminal. How might I resolve this?

I modified the last two lines to

except Exception, error:
    print "Unable to send e-mail: '%s'." % str(error)

I get the following error message :

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./2.py", line 45, in <module>
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py", line 239, in __init__
    (code, msg) = self.connect(host, port)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py", line 295, in connect
    self.sock = self._get_socket(host, port, self.timeout)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/smtplib.py", line 273, in _get_socket
    return socket.create_connection((port, host), timeout)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/socket.py", line 514, in create_connection
    raise error, msg
socket.error: [Errno 111] Connection refused

解决方案

If message headers, payload contain non-ascii characters then they should be encoded:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from email.header    import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from getpass         import getpass
from smtplib         import SMTP_SSL


login, password = '[e-mail]', getpass('Gmail password:')
recipients = [login]

# create message
msg = MIMEText('message body…', 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = Header('subject…', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = login
msg['To'] = ", ".join(recipients)

# send it via gmail
s = SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', 465, timeout=10)
s.set_debuglevel(1)
try:
    s.login(login, password)
    s.sendmail(msg['From'], recipients, msg.as_string())
finally:
    s.quit()

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