在matplotlib中，如何绘制从轴向外指向的R型轴刻度线? [英] In matplotlib, how do you draw R-style axis ticks that point outward from the axes?

问题描述

由于它们绘制在绘图区域内，因此许多matplotlib绘图中的数据掩盖了轴刻度.更好的方法是绘制从轴向外延伸的刻度线，这是R的绘图系统ggplot中的默认值.

Because they are drawn inside the plot area, axis ticks are obscured by the data in many matplotlib plots. A better approach is to draw the ticks extending from the axes outward, as is the default in ggplot, R's plotting system.

理论上，这可以通过分别用xc和y轴刻度线的TICKDOWN和TICKLEFT线型重绘刻度线来完成:

In theory, this can be done by redrawing the tick lines with the TICKDOWN and TICKLEFT line-styles for the x-axis and y-axis ticks respectively:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.ticker as mplticker
import matplotlib.lines as mpllines

# Create everything, plot some data stored in `x` and `y`
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca()
plt.plot(x, y)

# Set position and labels of major and minor ticks on the y-axis
# Ignore the details: the point is that there are both major and minor ticks
ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(mplticker.MultipleLocator(1.0))
ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(mplticker.MultipleLocator(0.5))

ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mplticker.MultipleLocator(1.0))
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(mplticker.MultipleLocator(0.5))

# Try to set the tick markers to extend outward from the axes, R-style
for line in ax.get_xticklines():
    line.set_marker(mpllines.TICKDOWN)

for line in ax.get_yticklines():
    line.set_marker(mpllines.TICKLEFT)

# In real life, we would now move the tick labels farther from the axes so our
# outward-facing ticks don't cover them up

plt.show()

但是实际上，这只是解决方案的一半，因为get_xticklines和get_yticklines方法仅返回主要刻度线.较小的滴答声仍然指向内部.

But in practice, that's only half the solution because the get_xticklines and get_yticklines methods return only the major tick lines. The minor ticks remain pointing inward.

次要壁虱的解决方法是什么?

What's the work-around for the minor ticks?

推荐答案

在您的matplotlib配置文件matplotlibrc中，您可以设置:

In your matplotlib config file, matplotlibrc, you can set:

xtick.direction      : out     # direction: in or out
ytick.direction      : out     # direction: in or out

，默认情况下，这将同时将主要和次要的滴答声向外绘制，例如R.对于单个程序，只需执行以下操作:

and this will draw both the major and minor ticks outward by default, like R. For a single program, simply do:

>> from matplotlib import rcParams
>> rcParams['xtick.direction'] = 'out'
>> rcParams['ytick.direction'] = 'out'

这篇关于在matplotlib中，如何绘制从轴向外指向的R型轴刻度线?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！