将2个整数转换为十六进制/字节数组? [英] Convert 2 integers to hex/byte array?

问题描述

我正在使用Python通过SPI传输两个整数(范围0 ... 4095).该程序包似乎期望使用[0xff,0xff,0xff]形式的字节数组. 所以1638(hex:666)和1229(hex:4cd)应该产生[0x66,0x64,0xcd]. 那么有效的转换会看起来像中间的混合字节一样令人讨厌吗?

I'm using a Python to transmit two integers (range 0...4095) via SPI. The package seems to expect a byte array in form of [0xff,0xff,0xff]. So e.g. 1638(hex:666) and 1229(hex:4cd) should yield [0x66,0x64,0xcd]. So would an effective conversion look like as the mixed byte in the middle seems quite nasty?

推荐答案

您可以通过左移然后将两个12位值按位进行或"运算，并使用下面显示的int_to_bytes()函数来完成此操作在Python 2.x中.

You can do it by left shifting and then bitwise OR'ing the two 12-bit values together and using the int_to_bytes() function shown below, which will work in Python 2.x.

在Python 3中，int类型具有称为

In Python 3, the int type has a built-in method called to_bytes() that will do this and more, so in that version you wouldn't need to supply your own.

def int_to_bytes(n, minlen=0):
    """ Convert integer to bytearray with optional minimum length. 
    """
    if n > 0:
        arr = []
        while n:
            n, rem = n >> 8, n & 0xff
            arr.append(rem)
        b = bytearray(reversed(arr))
    elif n == 0:
        b = bytearray(b'\x00')
    else:
        raise ValueError('Only non-negative values supported')

    if minlen > 0 and len(b) < minlen: # zero padding needed?
        b = (minlen-len(b)) * '\x00' + b
    return b

a, b = 1638, 1229  # two 12 bit values
v = a << 12 | b  # shift first 12 bits then OR with second
ba = int_to_bytes(v, 3)  # convert to array of bytes
print('[{}]'.format(', '.join(hex(b) for b in ba)))  # -> [0x66, 0x64, 0xcd]

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