使用 matplotlib 堆叠 3d 条形图 [英] Stacked 3d bar chart with matplotlib

问题描述

我使用以下代码制作了一个简单的 3d 条形图:

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d 导入 Axes3D导入 matplotlib.pyplot 作为 plt将 numpy 导入为 npfig = plt.figure()ax = fig.add_subplot(111, 投影 = "3d")ax.set_xlabel("x")ax.set_ylabel("y")ax.set_zlabel("z")ax.set_xlim3d(0,10)ax.set_ylim3d(0,10)ax.set_zlim3d(0,2)xpos = [2,5,8,2,5,8,2,5,8]ypos = [1,1,1,5,5,5,9,9,9]zpos = np.zeros(9)dx = np.ones(9)dy = np.ones(9)dz = np.ones(9)ax.bar3d(xpos，ypos，zpos，dx，dy，dz)plt.gca().invert_xaxis()plt.show()

把这当作一个测试，到目前为止一切似乎都清楚了.我只是想知道如何以堆叠的方式绘制这 9 个条中的每一个，以便例如每个条形分为 4 个部分，构成整个条形.

基本上，我想以

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d 导入 Axes3D导入 matplotlib.pyplot 作为 plt将 numpy 导入为 npfig = plt.figure()ax = fig.add_subplot(111, 投影 = "3d")ax.set_xlabel("x")ax.set_ylabel("y")ax.set_zlabel("z")ax.set_xlim3d(0,10)ax.set_ylim3d(0,10)xpos = [2,5,8,2,5,8,2,5,8]ypos = [1,1,1,5,5,5,9,9,9]zpos = np.zeros(9)dx = np.ones(9)dy = np.ones(9)dz = [np.random.random(9) for i in range(4)] # 4 个条形集的高度_zpos = zpos # 每个柱的起始 zpos颜色 = ['r', 'b', 'g', 'y']对于范围内的 i (4):ax.bar3d(xpos, ypos, _zpos, dx, dy, dz[i], color=colors[i])_zpos += dz[i] # 加上每个条的高度以知道下一个从哪里开始plt.gca().invert_xaxis()plt.show()

i worked on a simple 3d bar chart using the following code:

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection = "3d")

ax.set_xlabel("x")
ax.set_ylabel("y") 
ax.set_zlabel("z")
ax.set_xlim3d(0,10)
ax.set_ylim3d(0,10) 
ax.set_zlim3d(0,2)

xpos = [2,5,8,2,5,8,2,5,8]
ypos = [1,1,1,5,5,5,9,9,9]
zpos = np.zeros(9)

dx = np.ones(9)
dy = np.ones(9)
dz = np.ones(9)

ax.bar3d(xpos, ypos, zpos, dx, dy, dz)
plt.gca().invert_xaxis()
plt.show()

Thinking of this just as a test, all seems to be clear so far. I just wondered how i can plot each of these 9 bars in a stacked way, so that e.g. each bar is divided in 4 parts that make up the whole bar.

Basically, im thinking of doing this in the way of the example here.

But instead of 2 stacks, i want to have 4. Any ideas how to proceed from the point i am now? Each hint would be so much appreciated.

Thanks!

edit: if i want to implement given values for each stacked bar, e.g:

...
z = [np.array([ 0.2, 0.6, 0.3, 0.6, 0.4, 0.3, 0.8, 0.5,  0.7]), 
     np.array([ 0.8, 0.4, 0.5, 0.2, 0.8, 0.7, 0.4, 0.2,  0.9]),
     np.array([ 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.4, 0.2, 0.6, 0.3, 0.6,  0.9]),
     np.array([ 0.9, 0.5, 0.7, 0.2, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.9,  0.7])]
dz = [z for i in range(4)]
...

this doesnt seem to work and i dont know why?

解决方案

To make a stacked 3d bar plot, you can accumulate your dz values and use them as the base for each next bar. Here's an example:

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection = "3d")

ax.set_xlabel("x")
ax.set_ylabel("y") 
ax.set_zlabel("z")
ax.set_xlim3d(0,10)
ax.set_ylim3d(0,10) 

xpos = [2,5,8,2,5,8,2,5,8]
ypos = [1,1,1,5,5,5,9,9,9]
zpos = np.zeros(9)

dx = np.ones(9)
dy = np.ones(9)
dz = [np.random.random(9) for i in range(4)]  # the heights of the 4 bar sets

_zpos = zpos   # the starting zpos for each bar
colors = ['r', 'b', 'g', 'y']
for i in range(4):
    ax.bar3d(xpos, ypos, _zpos, dx, dy, dz[i], color=colors[i])
    _zpos += dz[i]    # add the height of each bar to know where to start the next

plt.gca().invert_xaxis()
plt.show()

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