Matplotlib 3D条形图:轴问题 [英] Matplotlib 3D Bar chart: axis issue

问题描述

我在获取x，y，z轴上的数据时遇到问题.下面是我的代码.我为不同轴定义range(dx，dy.dz)的方式是否有问题.

I am having issue with getting data on x,y,z axis..below is my code. Is there any issue with the way i have defined range(dx,dy.dz) for different axis.

result=[['122', '109', '2343', '220', '19'],
 ['15', '407', '37', '10', '102'],
 ['100', '100', '100', '100', '100'],
 ['113', '25', '19', '31', '112'],
 ['43', '219', '35', '33', '14'],
 ['132', '108', '256', '119', '14'],
 ['22', '48', '352', '51', '438']]

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.ticker as ticker
import matplotlib.dates as dates

def format_date(x, pos=None):
     return dates.num2date(x).strftime('%m/%d/%Y')

fig=plt.figure()
ax1=fig.add_subplot(111,projection='3d')

xpos=[10/11/2013,10/12/2013,10/13/2013,10/14/2013,10/15/2013]
ypos=['A1','C1','G1','M1','M2','M3','P1']
zpos=result

dx=[5]
dy=[7]
dz=[7]
ax1.w_xaxis.set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(format_date))
ax1.bar3d(xpos,ypos,zpos,dx,dy,dz,color='#00ceaa')
plt.show()

我遇到以下错误:

TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-45-02cd8e7ee228> in <module>()
     18 dz=[17]
     19 ax1.w_xaxis.set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(format_date))
---> 20 ax1.bar3d(xpos,ypos,zpos,dx,dy,dz,color='#00ceaa')
     21 plt.show()

C:\Users\Andalib\Anaconda\lib\site-packages\mpl_toolkits\mplot3d\axes3d.py in bar3d(self, x, y, z, dx, dy, dz, color, zsort, *args, **kwargs)
   2316             maxx = max(xi + dxi, maxx)
   2317             miny = min(yi, miny)
-> 2318             maxy = max(yi + dyi, maxy)
   2319             minz = min(zi, minz)
   2320             maxz = max(zi + dzi, maxz)

TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'int' objects

推荐答案

您的代码中存在以下问题:

There are the following issues in your code:

• xpos和ypos通常是带有3D条形图的底部位置的扁平网格.
• zpos给出基座沿z轴的位置，通常为零，除非您希望条看起来像是在飞翔
• xpos，ypos和zpos必须具有相同的展平形状，并且必须全部为1-D数组

• xpos and ypos are usually a flatenned meshgrid with the positions of the base of the 3D bars
• zpos gives the position of the base along the z axis, which is usually zero unless you want the bars looking like they are flying
• xpos, ypos and zpos must have the same flattened shape and must all be 1-D arrays

由于您知道每个值的位置，因此可以使用np.arange()创建位置xpos和ypos，然后设置刻度线标签.

Since you know the positions for each value you can use a np.arange() to create the positions xpos and ypos, and afterwards set the tick labels.

示例代码为:

import numpy as np
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm

result=[['122', '109', '2343', '220', '19'],
 ['15', '407', '37', '10', '102'],
 ['100', '100', '100', '100', '100'],
 ['113', '25', '19', '31', '112'],
 ['43', '219', '35', '33', '14'],
 ['132', '108', '256', '119', '14'],
 ['22', '48', '352', '51', '438']]

result = np.array(result, dtype=np.int)

fig=plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5), dpi=150)
ax1=fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

xlabels = np.array(['10/11/2013', '10/12/2013', '10/13/2013',
                    '10/14/2013', '10/15/2013'])
xpos = np.arange(xlabels.shape[0])
ylabels = np.array(['A1','C1','G1','M1','M2','M3','P1'])
ypos = np.arange(ylabels.shape[0])

xposM, yposM = np.meshgrid(xpos, ypos, copy=False)

zpos=result
zpos = zpos.ravel()

dx=0.5
dy=0.5
dz=zpos

ax1.w_xaxis.set_ticks(xpos + dx/2.)
ax1.w_xaxis.set_ticklabels(xlabels)

ax1.w_yaxis.set_ticks(ypos + dy/2.)
ax1.w_yaxis.set_ticklabels(ylabels)

values = np.linspace(0.2, 1., xposM.ravel().shape[0])
colors = cm.rainbow(values)
ax1.bar3d(xposM.ravel(), yposM.ravel(), dz*0, dx, dy, dz, color=colors)
plt.show()

给出:

您还可以使用与dz成比例的values数组:

you can also use the values array proportional to dz:

values = (dz-dz.min())/np.float_(dz.max()-dz.min())

这篇关于Matplotlib 3D条形图:轴问题的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！