定义 Matplotlib 3D 条形图的颜色 [英] Defining colors of Matplotlib 3D bar plot

问题描述

我想不出在我的 iPython 笔记本中的 matplotlib 中为 3d 条形图设置 cmap(或颜色)的正确方法.我可以在 X 和 Y 平面中正确设置我的图表(28 x 7 标签)，并带有一些随机的 Z 值.该图很难解释，原因之一是 x_data 标签 [1,2,3,4,5] 的默认颜色都相同.

I can't figure out the right way to set a cmap (or colors) for a 3d bar plot in matplotlib in my iPython notebook. I can setup my chart correctly (28 x 7 labels) in the X and Y plane, with some random Z values. The graph is hard to interpret, and one reason is that the default colors for the x_data labels [1,2,3,4,5] are all the same.

代码如下:

%matplotlib inline
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as npfig = plt.figure(figsize=(18,12))

ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

x_data, y_data = np.meshgrid(np.arange(5),np.arange(3))
z_data = np.random.rand(3,5).flatten()

ax.bar3d(x_data.flatten(),
y_data.flatten(),np.zeros(len(z_data)),1,1,z_data,alpha=0.10)

产生以下图表:

我不想为标签 x_data 手动定义颜色.如何为 x_data 中的每个标签设置不同的随机"cmap 颜色，同时保持

I don't want to define the colors manually for the labels x_data. How can I set up different 'random' cmap colors for each of the labels in x_data, still keeping the

ax.bar3d

参数?下面是使用

ax.bar

和不同的颜色，但我需要的是ax.bar3d.

and different colors, but what I need is ax.bar3d.

推荐答案

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(18,12))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')

x_data, y_data = np.meshgrid(np.arange(5),np.arange(3))
z_data = np.random.rand(3,5)
colors = ['r','g','b'] # colors for every line of y

# plot colored 3d bars
for i in xrange(3):  # cycle though y 
    # I multiply one color by len of x (it is 5) to set one color for y line
    ax.bar3d(x_data[i], y_data[i], z_data[i], 1, 1, z_data[i], alpha=0.1, color=colors[i]*5)
    # or use random colors
    # ax.bar3d(x_data[i], y_data[i], z_data[i], 1, 1, z_data[i], alpha=0.1, color=[np.random.rand(3,1),]*5)
plt.show()

结果:

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