安装 Matplotlib 时出错:致命错误 C1083 [英] Error in installing Matplotlib : fatal error C1083

问题描述

我对 Python 编码比较陌生，想了解 Python 中的统计和数据管理.为此，我想安装 Matplotlib，这给我带来了一些问题.

I am relatively new to Python coding and want to learn about statistics and data management in Python. For this I would like to install Matplotlib, which is giving me some issues.

我看到其他人有这个问题，但我还没有完全理解如何解决它.

I see other people having this issue, but I have not fully understood how to fix it.

安装我使用

pip install matplotlib

我安装了以下规格

• Windows 10
• Python 3.8
• Microsoft Studio 2019

我遇到的第一个错误是安装 Microsoft Studio，所以我这样做了.我也尝试更新 pip

The first error i got was to install Microsoft Studio, so I did that. I have also attempted to update pip

BUILDING MATPLOTLIB 
 matplotlib: yes [3.1.1] 
 python: yes [3.8.0 (tags/v3.8.0:fa919fd, Oct 14 2019, 19:21:23) [MSC v.1916 32 bit (Intel)]] 
 platform: yes [win32] 

...

 checkdep_freetype2.c
    src/checkdep_freetype2.c(1): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'ft2build.h': No such file or directory
    error: command 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\BuildTools\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.23.28105\bin\HostX86\x86\cl.exe' failed with exit status 2
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:

推荐答案

您使用的是 python 3.8，而不是 python 3.7.
但是在 pypi 上没有可用于 matplotlib 3.1.1 的 python 3.8 轮子.所以最好完全删除python 3.8并安装python 3.7.
然后当你运行 python -m pip install matplotlib 时，它会从轮子上安装编译后的版本，所以你不需要自己编译任何东西或让 Microsoft Studio 可用.

You have python 3.8, not python 3.7.
But there are no python 3.8 wheels available for matplotlib 3.1.1 on pypi. So best remove python 3.8 completely and install python 3.7.
When you then run python -m pip install matplotlib it will install the compiled version from the wheels, so there is no need to compile anything yourself or have Microsoft Studio available.

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