GWT使用JUnit测试框架为客户端代码的自动化测试提供了出色的支持.在本文中,我们将演示GWT和JUNIT集成.
JUnit官方网站 : https://www.junit.org
下载 Junit-4.10.jar
OS | 存档名称 |
---|---|
Windows | junit4.10.jar |
Linux | junit4.10.jar |
Mac | junit4.10.jar |
将下载的jar文件存储到计算机上的某个位置.我们将它存储在 C:/> JUNIT
OS | GWT安装文件夹 |
---|---|
Windows | C:\ GWT \gwt-2.1.0 |
Linux | /usr/local/GWT/gwt- 2.1.0 |
Mac | /Library/GWT/gwt-2.1.0 |
GWT提供了 GWTTestCase 基类,它提供了JUnit集成.在JUnit下运行扩展GWTTestCase的编译类启动HtmlUnit浏览器,用于在测试执行期间模拟应用程序行为.
GWTTestCase是来自JUnit的TestCase的派生类,可以使用JUnit运行TestRunner.
GWT提供了一个特殊的命令行工具 webAppCreator ,它可以为我们生成一个入门测试用例,加上ant目标和eclipse启动配置,用于在开发模式和生产模式下进行测试.
打开命令提示符并转到 C:\> GWT_WORKSPACE> 您要在其中创建具有测试支持的新项目.运行以下命令
C:\GWT_WORKSPACE>C:\GWT\gwt-2.1.0\webAppCreator -out HelloWorld -junit C:\JUNIT\junit-4.10.jar com.it1352.HelloWorld
值得关注的点数
我们正在执行webAppCreator命令行实用程序.
HelloWorld是要创建的项目的名称
-junit选项指示webAppCreator将junit suppport添加到项目
com.it1352.HelloWorld是模块的名称
验证输出.
Created directory HelloWorld\src Created directory HelloWorld\war Created directory HelloWorld\war\WEB-INF Created directory HelloWorld\war\WEB-INF\lib Created directory HelloWorld\src\com\it1352 Created directory HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\client Created directory HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\server Created directory HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\shared Created directory HelloWorld\test\com\it1352 Created directory HelloWorld\test\com\it1352\client Created file HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\HelloWorld.gwt.xml Created file HelloWorld\war\HelloWorld.html Created file HelloWorld\war\HelloWorld.css Created file HelloWorld\war\WEB-INF\web.xml Created file HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\client\HelloWorld.java Created file HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\client\GreetingService.java Created file HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\client\GreetingServiceAsync.java Created file HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\server\GreetingServiceImpl.java Created file HelloWorld\src\com\it1352\shared\FieldVerifier.java Created file HelloWorld\build.xml Created file HelloWorld\README.txt Created file HelloWorld\test\com\it1352\HelloWorldJUnit.gwt.xml Created file HelloWorld\test\com\it1352\client\HelloWorldTest.java Created file HelloWorld\.project Created file HelloWorld\.classpath Created file HelloWorld\HelloWorld.launch Created file HelloWorld\HelloWorldTest-dev.launch Created file HelloWorld\HelloWorldTest-prod.launch
package com.it1352.client; import com.it1352.shared.FieldVerifier; import com.google.gwt.core.client.GWT; import com.google.gwt.junit.client.GWTTestCase; import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.AsyncCallback; import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.ServiceDefTarget; /** * GWT JUnit tests must extend GWTTestCase. */ public class HelloWorldTest extends GWTTestCase { /** * must refer to a valid module that sources this class. */ public String getModuleName() { return "com.it1352.HelloWorldJUnit"; } /** * tests the FieldVerifier. */ public void testFieldVerifier() { assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName(null)); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("")); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("a")); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("ab")); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("abc")); assertTrue(FieldVerifier.isValidName("abcd")); } /** * this test will send a request to the server using the greetServer * method in GreetingService and verify the response. */ public void testGreetingService() { /* create the service that we will test. */ GreetingServiceAsync greetingService = GWT.create(GreetingService.class); ServiceDefTarget target = (ServiceDefTarget) greetingService; target.setServiceEntryPoint(GWT.getModuleBaseURL() + "helloworld/greet"); /* since RPC calls are asynchronous, we will need to wait for a response after this test method returns. This line tells the test runner to wait up to 10 seconds before timing out. */ delayTestFinish(10000); /* send a request to the server. */ greetingService.greetServer("GWT User", new AsyncCallback<String>() { public void onFailure(Throwable caught) { /* The request resulted in an unexpected error. */ fail("Request failure: " + caught.getMessage()); } public void onSuccess(String result) { /* verify that the response is correct. */ assertTrue(result.startsWith("Hello, GWT User!")); /* now that we have received a response, we need to tell the test runner that the test is complete. You must call finishTest() after an asynchronous test finishes successfully, or the test will time out.*/ finishTest(); } }); } }
Sr.No. | 注意 |
---|---|
1 | HelloWorldTest类是在HelloWorld/test目录下的com.it1352.client包中生成的. |
2 | HelloWorldTest类将包含HelloWorld的单元测试用例. |
3 | HelloWorldTest类扩展了GWTTestCase类com.google.gwt.junit.client包. |
4 | HelloWorldTest类有一个抽象方法(getModuleName),它必须返回GWT模块的名称.对于HelloWorld,这是com.it1352.HelloWorldJUnit. |
5 | HelloWorldTest类是使用两个示例测试用例testFieldVerifier,testSimple生成的.我们添加了testGreetingService. |
6 | 这些方法使用它继承自JUnit Assert类的许多assert *函数之一,该类是GWTTestCase的祖先. |
7 | assertTrue(boolean)函数断言传入的boolean参数的计算结果为true.如果没有,在JUnit中运行时测试将失败. |
此示例将指导您完成在GWT中显示JUnit Integration示例的简单步骤.
按照以下步骤更新我们在上面创建的GWT应用程序 :
Step | 描述 |
---|---|
1 | 使用名称 |
2 | 修改 HelloWorld.gwt.xml , HelloWorld.css , HelloWorld.html 和 HelloWorld.java ,如下所述.保持其余文件不变. |
3 | 编译并运行应用程序以验证实现逻辑的结果. |
以下将是eclipse中的项目结构.
以下是修改后的模块描述符的内容 src/com.it1352/HelloWorld.gwt.xml.
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <module rename-to = 'helloworld'> <!-- Inherit the core Web Toolkit stuff. --> <inherits name = 'com.google.gwt.user.User'/> <!-- Inherit the default GWT style sheet. --> <inherits name = 'com.google.gwt.user.theme.clean.Clean'/> <!-- Inherit the UiBinder module. --> <inherits name = "com.google.gwt.uibinder.UiBinder"/> <!-- Specify the app entry point class. --> <entry-point class = 'com.it1352.client.HelloWorld'/> <!-- Specify the paths for translatable code --> <source path = 'client'/> <source path = 'shared'/> </module>
以下是修改后的样式表文件的内容 war/HelloWorld.css .
body { text-align: center; font-family: verdana, sans-serif; } h1 { font-size: 2em; font-weight: bold; color: #777777; margin: 40px 0px 70px; text-align: center; }
以下是修改过的HTML主机文件的内容 war/HelloWorld.html .
<html> <head> <title>Hello World</title> <link rel = "stylesheet" href = "HelloWorld.css"/> <script language = "javascript" src = "helloworld/helloworld.nocache.js"> </script> </head> <body> <h1>JUnit Integration Demonstration</h1> <div id = "gwtContainer"></div> </body> </html>
用以下替换 src/com.it1352/client包中的HelloWorld.java的内容b $ b
package com.it1352.client; import com.google.gwt.core.client.EntryPoint; import com.google.gwt.core.client.GWT; import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickEvent; import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.ClickHandler; import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyCodes; import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpEvent; import com.google.gwt.event.dom.client.KeyUpHandler; import com.google.gwt.user.client.Window; import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.AsyncCallback; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Button; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.DecoratorPanel; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.HasHorizontalAlignment; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.HorizontalPanel; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.Label; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.RootPanel; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.TextBox; import com.google.gwt.user.client.ui.VerticalPanel; public class HelloWorld implements EntryPoint { public void onModuleLoad() { /*create UI */ final TextBox txtName = new TextBox(); txtName.setWidth("200"); txtName.addKeyUpHandler(new KeyUpHandler() { @Override public void onKeyUp(KeyUpEvent event) { if(event.getNativeKeyCode() == KeyCodes.KEY_ENTER){ Window.alert(getGreeting(txtName.getValue())); } } }); Label lblName = new Label("Enter your name: "); Button buttonMessage = new Button("Click Me!"); buttonMessage.addClickHandler(new ClickHandler() { @Override public void onClick(ClickEvent event) { Window.alert(getGreeting(txtName.getValue())); } }); HorizontalPanel hPanel = new HorizontalPanel(); hPanel.add(lblName); hPanel.add(txtName); hPanel.setCellWidth(lblName, "130"); VerticalPanel vPanel = new VerticalPanel(); vPanel.setSpacing(10); vPanel.add(hPanel); vPanel.add(buttonMessage); vPanel.setCellHorizontalAlignment(buttonMessage, HasHorizontalAlignment.ALIGN_RIGHT); DecoratorPanel panel = new DecoratorPanel(); panel.add(vPanel); // Add widgets to the root panel. RootPanel.get("gwtContainer").add(panel); } public String getGreeting(String name){ return "Hello "+name+"!"; } }
在 test/com.it1352/client包含以下内容
package com.it1352.client; import com.it1352.shared.FieldVerifier; import com.google.gwt.core.client.GWT; import com.google.gwt.junit.client.GWTTestCase; import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.AsyncCallback; import com.google.gwt.user.client.rpc.ServiceDefTarget; /** * GWT JUnit tests must extend GWTTestCase. */ public class HelloWorldTest extends GWTTestCase { /** * must refer to a valid module that sources this class. */ public String getModuleName() { return "com.it1352.HelloWorldJUnit"; } /** * tests the FieldVerifier. */ public void testFieldVerifier() { assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName(null)); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("")); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("a")); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("ab")); assertFalse(FieldVerifier.isValidName("abc")); assertTrue(FieldVerifier.isValidName("abcd")); } /** * this test will send a request to the server using the greetServer * method in GreetingService and verify the response. */ public void testGreetingService() { /* create the service that we will test. */ GreetingServiceAsync greetingService = GWT.create(GreetingService.class); ServiceDefTarget target = (ServiceDefTarget) greetingService; target.setServiceEntryPoint(GWT.getModuleBaseURL() + "helloworld/greet"); /* since RPC calls are asynchronous, we will need to wait for a response after this test method returns. This line tells the test runner to wait up to 10 seconds before timing out. */ delayTestFinish(10000); /* send a request to the server. */ greetingService.greetServer("GWT User", new AsyncCallback<String>() { public void onFailure(Throwable caught) { /* The request resulted in an unexpected error. */ fail("Request failure: " + caught.getMessage()); } public void onSuccess(String result) { /* verify that the response is correct. */ assertTrue(result.startsWith("Hello, GWT User!")); /* now that we have received a response, we need to tell the test runner that the test is complete. You must call finishTest() after an asynchronous test finishes successfully, or the test will time out.*/ finishTest(); } }); /** * tests the getGreeting method. */ public void testGetGreeting() { HelloWorld helloWorld = new HelloWorld(); String name = "Robert"; String expectedGreeting = "Hello "+name+"!"; assertEquals(expectedGreeting,helloWorld.getGreeting(name)); } } }
我们将使用webAppCreator为开发模式和生产模式生成的启动配置在Eclipse中运行单元测试.
从Eclipse菜单栏中选择Run → 运行配置...
在JUnit部分下,选择HelloWorldTest-dev
要将更改保存到参数,请按Apply
要运行测试,请按Run
如果您的应用程序一切正常,这将产生以下结果 :
从Eclipse菜单栏中选择Run → 运行配置...
在JUnit部分下,选择HelloWorldTest-prod
要将更改保存到参数,请按Apply
要运行测试,请按Run
如果您的应用程序一切正常,这将产生以下结果 :